Live briefing
Everything about Input hypothesis
Hypotheses of second-language acquisition
The input hypothesis, also known as the monitor model, is a group of five hypotheses of second-language acquisition developed by the linguist Stephen Krashen in the 1970s and 1980s. Krashen originally formulated the input hypothesis as just one of the five hypotheses, but over time the term has come to refer to the five hypotheses as a group. The hypotheses are the input hypothesis, the acquisition–learning hypothesis, the monitor hypothesis, the natural order hypothesis and the affective filter hypothesis. The input hypothesis was first published in 1977. Wikipedia →
🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path
- Read the overview: Input hypothesisA 5-minute orientation
- Skim a recent paper: Why do learners overcome non-facilitative transfer faster from an L2 than an L1? The cumulative input threshold hypothesisInfluential work since 2022
- Pick up a classic book: Space and senseThe most-reprinted book on the subject
- Read the landmark paper: We Acquire Vocabulary and Spelling by Reading: Additional Evidence for the Input HypothesisCited 507 times
- Go sideways: Comprehensible outputA closely related topic
- Go sideways: Natural approachA closely related topic
📖 Definitions
No dictionary entry for this exact phrase.
🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)
We Acquire Vocabulary and Spelling by Reading: Additional Evidence for the Input Hypothesis
OUTPUT, INPUT ENHANCEMENT, AND THE NOTICING HYPOTHESIS
Against Comprehensible Input: the Input Hypothesis and the Development of Second-language Competence
Mood-as-input hypothesis and perseverative psychopathologies
Auditory Short-Term Memory, Listening Comprehension, and the Input Hypothesis
The perseveration of checking thoughts and mood–as–input hypothesis
A Clinical Evaluation of the Competing Sources of Input Hypothesis
The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications
🆕 Influential since 2022
Why do learners overcome non-facilitative transfer faster from an L2 than an L1? The cumulative input threshold hypothesis
A hypothesis concerning distinct schemes of olfactory activation evoked by perceived versus nonperceived input
Testing Krashen’s input hypothesis with AI: a mixed-methods study on reading input and oral proficiency in EFL
The cerebellum converts input data into a hyper low-resolution granule cell code with spatial dimensions: a hypothesis
The Impact of Krashen Input Hypothesis on English Listening Teaching
📚 Books worth reading
Space and senseSusanna Millar · 2008
Treaty Occupationay ToxicologySuelen Queiroz · 2010
The input hypothesisStephen D. Krashen · 1985
Brain Dynamics and the Striatal ComplexRobert Miller · 2000
Why programs failAndreas Zeller · 2005
Models of language acquisitionPeter Broeder · 2000
Space and Sense (Essays in Cognitive Psychology)Susanna Millar · 2008
Introduction to Programming in JavaRobert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne · 2007
Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.
🔗 Related topics
- Comprehensible output In the field of second language acquisition, there are many theories about the most effective way for language learners to acquire new language forms.…
- Natural approach The natural approach is a method of language teaching developed by Stephen Krashen and Tracy Terrell in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Natural Approach…
- Theories of second-language acquisition The main purpose of theories of second-language acquisition (SLA) is to shed light on how people who already know one language learn a second language…
- Interaction hypothesis In psycholinguistics, the interaction hypothesis is a theory of second-language acquisition which states that the development of language proficiency is…
- Sequential bilingualism Sequential bilingualism occurs when a person becomes bilingual by first learning one language and then another. The process is contrasted with simultaneous…
- Second language A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language…
- Second-language acquisition Second-language acquisition (SLA), second-language learning or L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process of learning a language other than one's native…
- Glossary of language education terms Language teaching, like other educational activities, may employ specialized vocabulary and word use. This list is a glossary for English language learning…