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Everything about Modifiable areal unit problem

Source of statistical bias

The modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) is a source of statistical bias that can significantly impact the results of statistical hypothesis tests. The MAUP affects results when point-based measures of spatial phenomena are aggregated into spatial partitions or areal units as in, for example, population density or illness rates. The resulting summary values are influenced by both the shape and scale of the aggregation unit. Wikipedia →

đź§­ Start here: a 6-step reading path

  1. Read the overview: Modifiable areal unit problemA 5-minute orientation
  2. Skim a recent paper: The impacts of the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) on social equity analysis of public transit reliabilityInfluential work since 2022
  3. Pick up a classic book: Encyclopedia of Geographic Information ScienceThe most-reprinted book on the subject
  4. Read the landmark paper: The Modifiable Areal Unit Problem in Multivariate Statistical AnalysisCited 1,344 times
  5. Go sideways: Arbia's law of geographyA closely related topic
  6. Go sideways: Boundary problem (spatial analysis)A closely related topic

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🗂️ The subject at a glance

  1. Background
  2. Suggested solutions
  3. MAUP sensitivity analysis

🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)

🆕 Influential since 2022

📚 Books worth reading

Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.

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