Everything about Machine code
Instructions directly executable by a computer
In computing, machine code is data encoded and structured to control a computer's central processing unit (CPU) via its programmable interface. A computer program consists primarily of sequences of machine-code instructions. Machine code is classified as native with respect to its host CPU since it is the language that the CPU interprets directly. Some software interpreters translate the programming language that they interpret into a virtual machine code (bytecode) and process it with a P-code machine. Wikipedia →
🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path
- Read the overview: Machine codeA 5-minute orientation
- Skim a recent paper: Autoencoders and their applications in machine learning: a surveyInfluential work since 2022
- Pick up a classic book: CodeThe most-reprinted book on the subject
- Read the landmark paper: Code Generation Using Machine Learning: A Systematic ReviewCited 93 times
- Go sideways: Instruction set architectureA closely related topic
- Go sideways: Self-modifying codeA closely related topic
📖 Definitions
Noun A system of instructions and data directly understandable by a computer's central processing unit.
Noun Machine language instructions that can be executed directly by a computer's central processing unit.
🗂️ The subject at a glance
🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)
Code Generation Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Review
Code Generation for a One-Register Machine
Code‐expanded radio access protocol for machine‐to‐machine communications
Machine recognition of hand-sent Morse code
A Hybrid Machine Learning Model for Code Optimization
Machine-independent PASCAL code optimization
Polymorphic type inference for machine code
POPs identification using simple low-code machine learning
🆕 Influential since 2022
Autoencoders and their applications in machine learning: a survey
Code Smell Detection Using Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms
A survey on machine learning techniques applied to source code
The principles of building a machine-learning-based service for converting sequential code into parallel code
Python code smells detection using conventional machine learning models
📚 Books worth reading
CodeCharles Petzold, Charles Petzold · 1999
Coding and signal processing for magnetic recording systemsBane Vasic · 2004- 📕Linear sequential switching circuitsWilliam H. Kautz · 1965
Usborne introduction to machine code for beginnersLisa Watts, Mike Wharton · 1983- 📕Shift register sequencesSolomon W. Golomb · 1967
Z80 Machine Code For HumansAlan Tootill · 1983
6502 machine code for humansAlan Tootill · 1984- 📕PET graphicsNick Hampshire · 1981
Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.
🔗 Related topics
- Instruction set architecture An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model that defines the programmable interface of the CPU of a computer, defining how software interacts…
- Self-modifying code In computer science, self-modifying code (SMC or SMoC) is code that alters its own instructions while it is executing – usually to reduce the instruction…
- Addressing mode Addressing modes are an aspect of the instruction set architecture in most central processing unit (CPU) designs. Addressing modes define how the machine…
- Opcode In computing, an opcode (abbreviated from operation code) is an enumerated value that specifies the operation to be performed. Opcodes are employed in…
- Assembly language In computing, assembly language (alternatively assembler language or symbolic machine code), often referred to simply as assembly and commonly abbreviated…
- X86 assembly language x86 assembly language is a family of low-level programming languages that are used to produce object code for the x86 class of processors. Previous evolutions…
- Booting In computing, booting is the process of starting a computer as initiated via hardware such as a physical button on the computer or by a software command…
- Stack machine In computer science, computer engineering and programming language implementations, a stack machine is a computer processor or a process virtual machine…