Everything about Ionization
Process by which atoms or molecules acquire charge by gaining or losing electrons
Ionization or ionisation is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with subatomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules, electrons, positrons, protons, antiprotons, and ions, or through the interaction with electromagnetic radiation. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected. Wikipedia →
🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path
- Read the overview: IonizationA 5-minute orientation
- Skim a recent paper: Entanglement of orbital angular momentum in non-sequential double ionizationInfluential work since 2022
- Pick up a classic book: Plasma astrophysicsThe most-reprinted book on the subject
- Read the landmark paper: Double-slit photoelectron interference in strong-field ionization of the neon dimerCited 7,804 times
- Go sideways: Tunnel ionizationA closely related topic
- Go sideways: Double ionizationA closely related topic
📖 Definitions
No dictionary entry for this exact phrase.
🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)
Double-slit photoelectron interference in strong-field ionization of the neon dimer
Nonsequential Double Ionization of Helium
Routes to Nonsequential Double Ionization
Photo-double ionization of molecular hydrogen
Double-electron above threshold ionization of helium
Two-photon double ionization of He
Enhanced double ionization with circularly polarized light
Ionization and double ionization of small water clusters
🆕 Influential since 2022
Entanglement of orbital angular momentum in non-sequential double ionization
Atomic Double Ionization with Quantum Light
Density-matrix approach for sequential dissociative double ionization of molecules
Recollision of excited electron in below-threshold nonsequential double ionization
Nonsequential double ionization driven by inhomogeneous laser fields
📚 Books worth reading
Plasma astrophysicsJ. G. Kirk, J.G. Kirk · 1994- 📕Fourth Symposium on Double Layers and Other Nonlinear Potential Structures in Plasmas, Innsbruck, Austria, July 6-8, 1992Symposium on Double Layers and Other Nonlinear Potential Structures in Plasmas (4th 1992 Innsbruck, Austria) · 1993
Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.
🔗 Related topics
- Tunnel ionization In physics, tunnel ionization is a process in which electrons in an atom (or a molecule) tunnel through the potential barrier and escape from the atom…
- Double ionization Double ionization is a process of formation of doubly charged ions when laser radiation or charged particles like electrons, positrons or heavy ions are…
- High harmonic generation High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a non-linear process during which a target (gas, plasma, solid or liquid sample) is illuminated by an intense laser pulse…
- Above-threshold ionization In atomic, molecular, and optical physics, above-threshold ionization (ATI) is a multi-photon effect where an atom is ionized with more than the energetically…
- Bond hardening Bond hardening is a process of creating a new chemical bond by strong laser fields—an effect opposite to bond softening. However, it is not opposite in…
- Resonant high harmonic generation from laser ablated plasma plumes High Harmonic Generation (HHG) is a non-perturbative and extremely nonlinear optical process taking place when a highly intense ultrashort laser pulse…
- Electron affinity (data page) This page deals with the electron affinity as a property of isolated atoms or molecules (i.e. in the gas phase). Solid state electron affinities are not…
- Photoionization Photoionization is the physical process in which an ion is formed from the interaction of a photon with an atom or molecule. Not every interaction between…