Everything about Viscosity
Resistance of a fluid to shear deformation
In continuum mechanics, viscosity is a property of a fluid that quantifies the resistance force acting on fluids when there is relative motion between fluid parcels. This resistance force is caused by the stress in fluid parcels, which ideally is directly proportional to the strain rate that arises when fluid parcels are in relative motion, and the relative speed between the boundary between adjacent fluid parcels is zero. In liquids, viscosity arises from cohesive molecular forces, while in gases it results from molecular collisions. Except for the case of superfluidity, there is no fluid with zero viscosity, and thus all fluid flows involve viscous effects to some degree. Wikipedia →
🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path
- Read the overview: ViscosityA 5-minute orientation
- Skim a recent paper: Extracellular fluid viscosity enhances cell migration and cancer disseminationInfluential work since 2022
- Pick up a classic book: Transport phenomenaThe most-reprinted book on the subject
- Read the landmark paper: Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applicationsCited 19,308 times
- Go sideways: Newtonian fluidA closely related topic
- Go sideways: Fluid mechanicsA closely related topic
📖 Definitions
Noun The state of being viscous.
Noun A quantity expressing the magnitude of internal friction in a fluid, as measured by the force per unit area resisting uniform flow.
Noun A tendency to prolong interpersonal encounters.
🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)
Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications
A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy
A dynamic subgrid-scale eddy viscosity model
A new k-ϵ eddy viscosity model for high reynolds number turbulent flows
The Viscosity of Concentrated Suspensions and Solutions
ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES
User’s guide to viscosity solutions of second order partial differential equations
Viscosity, Plasticity, and Diffusion as Examples of Absolute Reaction Rates
🆕 Influential since 2022
Extracellular fluid viscosity enhances cell migration and cancer dissemination
Recent advances in multifunctional fluorescent probes for viscosity and analytes
Odd Viscosity and Odd Elasticity
Measuring the density and viscosity of culture media for optimized computational fluid dynamics analysis of in vitro devices
Precision Navigation of Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury Guided by Lysosomal Viscosity-Activatable NIR-II Fluorescence
📚 Books worth reading
Transport phenomenaR. Byron Bird · 1960
Polymer physicsL. A. Utracki, Alexander M. Jamieson · 2010
Polymer viscoelasticityEvaristo Riande · 1999
Food texture and viscosityMalcolm C. Bourne · 1982
The flow of liquids in pipesNorman Swindin · 1922
ViscometryA. C. Merrington · 1949
Nonlinear phenomena in flows of viscoelastic polymer fluidsA. I. Leonov, A.I. Leonov · 1994- 📕The viscosities of roofing asphalts at application temperaturesWalter J. Rossiter · 1976
Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.
🔗 Related topics
- Newtonian fluid A Newtonian fluid is a fluid in which the viscous stresses arising from its flow are at every point linearly correlated to the local strain rate—the rate…
- Fluid mechanics Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them. Originally applied…
- Volume viscosity Volume viscosity (also called bulk viscosity, or second viscosity or, dilatational viscosity) is a material property relevant for characterizing fluid…
- Non-Newtonian fluid In physical chemistry and fluid mechanics, a non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid that does not follow Newton's law of viscosity; that is, it has variable viscosity…
- Shear stress Shear stress (often denoted by τ, Greek: tau) is the component of stress coplanar with a material cross section. It arises from the shear force, the component…
- Liquid Liquid is a state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape. When confined in a container and subject to a force such as gravity, liquids will…
- Bingham plastic In materials science, a Bingham plastic is a viscoplastic material that behaves as a rigid body at low stresses but flows as a viscous fluid at high stress…
- Power-law fluid In continuum mechanics, a power-law fluid, or the Ostwald–de Waele relationship, is a type of generalized Newtonian fluid. This mathematical relationship…