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Everything about Pulse-frequency modulation

Represents an analog signal using only two levels

Pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) is a modulation method for representing an analog signal using only two levels. It is analogous to pulse-width modulation (PWM), in which the magnitude of an analog signal is encoded in the duty cycle of a square wave. Unlike PWM, in which the width of square pulses is varied at a constant frequency, PFM fixes the width of square pulses while varying the frequency. In other words, the frequency of the pulse train is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal at sampling intervals. The amplitude and width of the pulses are kept constant. Wikipedia →

🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path

  1. Read the overview: Pulse-frequency modulationA 5-minute orientation
  2. Skim a recent paper: Autonomous Pulse Frequency Modulation for Wireless Battery Charging With Zero-Voltage SwitchingInfluential work since 2022
  3. Pick up a classic book: Signal-to-noise rations in a PCM/PSK systemThe most-reprinted book on the subject
  4. Read the landmark paper: Linear Frequency Modulation Derived Polyphase Pulse Compression CodesCited 158 times
  5. Go sideways: Pulse-width modulationA closely related topic
  6. Go sideways: Class-D amplifierA closely related topic

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