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Everything about Multi-threshold CMOS

Multi-threshold CMOS (MTCMOS) is a variation of CMOS chip technology which has transistors with multiple threshold voltages (Vth) in order to optimize delay or power. The Vth of a MOSFET is the gate voltage where an inversion layer forms at the interface between the insulating layer (oxide) and the substrate (body) of the transistor. Low Vth devices switch faster, and are therefore useful on critical delay paths to minimize clock periods. The penalty is that low Vth devices have substantially higher static leakage power. High Vth devices are used on non-critical paths to reduce static leakage power without incurring a delay penalty. Typical high Vth devices reduce static leakage by 10 times compared with low Vth devices. Wikipedia →

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  1. Read the overview: Multi-threshold CMOSA 5-minute orientation
  2. Skim a recent paper: A Threshold-Based Bioluminescence Detector With a CMOS-Integrated Photodiode Array in 65 nm for a Multi-Diagnostic Ingestible CapsuleInfluential work since 2022
  3. Pick up a classic book: Multi-threshold CMOS digital circuitsThe most-reprinted book on the subject
  4. Read the landmark paper: Diode Based Trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS Technique for Ground Bounce Noise Reduction in Static CMOS AddersCited 47 times
  5. Go sideways: Threshold voltageA closely related topic
  6. Go sideways: Self-aligned gateA closely related topic

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