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Everything about Macula
Oval-shaped pigmented area near the center of the retina
The macula, in full macula lutea, is an oval-shaped pigmented area in the center of the retina of the human eye and in other animals. The macula in humans has a diameter of around 5.5 mm (0.22 in) and is subdivided into the umbo, foveola, foveal avascular zone, fovea, parafovea, and perifovea areas. Wikipedia →
🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path
- Read the overview: MaculaA 5-minute orientation
- Skim a recent paper: Müller Glial Cells in the Macula: Their Activation and Cell-Cell Interactions in Age-Related Macular DegenerationInfluential work since 2022
- Pick up a classic book: Stereoscopic atlas of macular diseasesThe most-reprinted book on the subject
- Read the landmark paper: Glaucomatous damage of the maculaCited 740 times
- Go sideways: Fovea centralisA closely related topic
- Go sideways: Peripheral visionA closely related topic
📖 Definitions
Noun A type of albedo feature on the surface of celestial bodies, a darkened region.
Noun An oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye, histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells, responsible for detailed central vision.
Noun A small chamber of the inner ear of certain vertebrates filled with endolymph and containing an otolith.
Noun A spot, as on the skin, or on the surface of the sun or of some other luminous orb.
🗂️ The subject at a glance
🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)
Glaucomatous damage of the macula
Cyclooxygenase-2 is associated with the macula densa of rat kidney and increases with salt restriction.
Two-Year Outcomes of the Ranibizumab for Edema of the mAcula in Diabetes (READ-2) Study
Nitric oxide synthase in macula densa regulates glomerular capillary pressure.
Die Natriumkonzentration an den Macula densa-Zellen als regulierender Faktor f�r das Glomerulumfiltrat (Mikropunktionsversuche)
Effect of Initial Management With Aflibercept vs Laser Photocoagulation vs Observation on Vision Loss Among Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema Involving the Center of the Macula and Good Visual Acuity
Dome-Shaped Macula in Eyes with Myopic Posterior Staphyloma
Macula densa cell signaling involves ATP release through a maxi anion channel
🆕 Influential since 2022
Müller Glial Cells in the Macula: Their Activation and Cell-Cell Interactions in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 2–hCHM Subretinal Delivery to the Macula in Choroideremia
Expanded Clinical Spectrum of Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy: A Macula Society Collaborative Study
Polarization-Sensitive OCT Imaging of Scleral Abnormalities in Eyes With High Myopia and Dome-Shaped Macula
Neuronally differentiated macula densa cells regulate tissue remodeling and regeneration in the kidney
📚 Books worth reading
Stereoscopic atlas of macular diseasesJ. Donald M. Gass · 1970
The MaculaSusanne Binder · 2004
Ueber die Macula lutea des Menschen: Und die ora Serrata einiger WirbelthiereFriedrich Siegmund Merkel · 1869- 📕Clinical Decisions in Medical Retinal DiseaseWilliam Tasman · 1994
Atlas, optical coherence tomography of macular diseases and glaucomaVishali Gupta, Amod Gupta · 2010
The MaculaLawrence A. Yannuzzi, Kurt A. Gitter · 1979
Diseases of the maculaJack J. Kanski, Stanislaw A. Milewski · 2002
Fluorescein angiographyJoseph W. Berkow · 1984
Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.
🔗 Related topics
- Fovea centralis The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye. It is located in the center of the macula lutea of the retina…
- Peripheral vision Peripheral vision or indirect vision is vision as it occurs outside the point of fixation (i.e., away from the center of gaze) or, when viewed at large…
- Meso-Zeaxanthin Meso-zeaxanthin (3R,3′S-zeaxanthin) is a xanthophyll carotenoid, and is one of the three stereoisomers of zeaxanthin. The meso- form is the second most…
- Foveola The foveola is located within a region called the macula, a yellowish, cone photoreceptor filled portion of the human retina. Approximately 0.35 mm in…
- Cone dystrophy A cone dystrophy is an inherited ocular disorder characterized by the loss of cone cells, the photoreceptors responsible for both central and color vision…
- Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) is a method of examination of the eye. It uses the technique of confocal laser scanning microscopy for diagnostic imaging…
- Lutein Lutein (/ˈljuːtiɪn, -tiːn/; from Latin luteus meaning "yellow") is a xanthophyll and one of 600 known naturally occurring carotenoids. Lutein is synthesized…
- Zeaxanthin Zeaxanthin is one of the most common carotenoids in nature, and is used in the xanthophyll cycle. Synthesized in plants and some micro-organisms, it is…