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Everything about Instructions per second

Measure of a computer's processing speed

Instructions per second (IPS) is a measure of a computer's processor speed. For complex instruction set computers (CISCs), different instructions take different amounts of time, so the value measured depends on the instruction mix; even for comparing processors in the same family the IPS measurement can be problematic. Many reported IPS values have represented "peak" execution rates on artificial instruction sequences with few branches and no cache contention, whereas realistic workloads typically lead to significantly lower IPS values. Memory hierarchy also greatly affects processor performance, an issue barely considered in IPS calculations. Because of these problems, synthetic benchmarks such as Dhrystone are now generally used to estimate computer performance in commonly used applications, and raw IPS has fallen into disuse. Wikipedia →

đź§­ Start here: a 6-step reading path

  1. Read the overview: Instructions per secondA 5-minute orientation
  2. Pick up a classic book: The Roman BreviaryThe most-reprinted book on the subject
  3. Read the landmark paper: An 8-Bit, 40-Instructions-Per-Second Organic Microprocessor on Plastic FoilCited 187 times
  4. Go sideways: Whetstone (benchmark)A closely related topic
  5. Go sideways: Motorola 68060A closely related topic

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🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)

📚 Books worth reading

Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.

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