Everything about Double fertilization
Complex fertilization mechanism of flowering plants
Double fertilization or double fertilisation is a complex fertilization mechanism of angiosperms. This process involves the fusion of a female gametophyte or megagametophyte, also called the embryonic sac, with two male gametes (sperm). It begins when a pollen grain adheres to the stigmatic surface of the carpel, the female reproductive structure of angiosperm flowers. The pollen grain begins to germinate, forming a pollen tube that penetrates and extends down through the style toward the ovary as it follows chemical signals released by the egg. The tip of the pollen tube then enters the ovary by penetrating the micropyle opening in the ovule, and releases two sperm into the embryonic sac (megagametophyte). Wikipedia →
🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path
- Read the overview: Double fertilizationA 5-minute orientation
- Skim a recent paper: Ingenious Male–Female Communication Ensures Successful Double Fertilization in AngiospermsInfluential work since 2022
- Pick up a classic book: Nutritional requirements of high-yield irrigated crop production systemsThe most-reprinted book on the subject
- Read the landmark paper: Egg Cell–Secreted EC1 Triggers Sperm Cell Activation During Double FertilizationCited 311 times
- Go sideways: GametophyteA closely related topic
- Go sideways: OvuleA closely related topic
📖 Definitions
No dictionary entry for this exact phrase.
🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)
Egg Cell–Secreted EC1 Triggers Sperm Cell Activation During Double Fertilization
Double fertilization – caught in the act
Live imaging of calcium spikes during double fertilization in Arabidopsis
Peptide signalling during the pollen tube journey and double fertilization
Some reflections on double fertilization, from its discovery to the present
AN XX/XY HUMAN HERMAPHRODITE RESULTING FROM DOUBLE FERTILIZATION
The evolution of double fertilization and endosperm: an ”historical" perspective
The beginning of a seed: regulatory mechanisms of double fertilization
🆕 Influential since 2022
Ingenious Male–Female Communication Ensures Successful Double Fertilization in Angiosperms
Optimizing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilization regimes to improve maize productivity under double ridge-furrow planting with full film mulching
ECS1 and ECS2 suppress polyspermy and the formation of haploid plants by promoting double fertilization
The use of double-cropping in combination with no-tillage and optimized nitrogen fertilization reduces soil N2O emissions under irrigation
Interactions between phosphorus availability and microbes in a wheat–maize double cropping system: A reduced fertilization scheme
📚 Books worth reading
Nutritional requirements of high-yield irrigated crop production systemsThomas A. Obreza · 1983
Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.
🔗 Related topics
- Gametophyte A gametophyte (/ɡəˈmiːtəfaɪt/) is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants. It is a haploid multicellular organism…
- Ovule The ovule (from Latin: ovulum) is a small structure present in a seed plant's floral ovary that gives rise to and contains its female reproductive cells…
- Embryonic sac A megaspore mother cell, or megasporocyte, is a diploid cell in plants in which meiosis will occur, resulting in the production of four haploid megaspores…
- Megagametogenesis Megagametogenesis is the process of maturation of the female gametophyte, or megagametophyte, in plants. During the process of megagametogenesis, the megaspore…
- Alternation of generations Alternation of generations (also known as metagenesis or heterogenesis) is the predominant type of life cycle in plants and algae. In plants, both phases…
- Endosperm The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants following double fertilization. It is triploid (meaning three chromosome sets…
- Fertilisation Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, syngamy and impregnation, is the fusion of gametes to…
- Megaspore Megaspores, also called macrospores, are a type of spore that is present in heterosporous plants. These plants have two spore types, megaspores and microspores…