Everything about Disinformation
Deliberately misleading information
Disinformation is false or misleading information deliberately spread to deceive people, or to secure economic or political gain and which may cause public harm. Disinformation is an orchestrated adversarial activity in which actors employ strategic deceptions and media manipulation tactics to advance political, military, or commercial goals. Disinformation is implemented through coordinated campaigns that "weaponize multiple rhetorical strategies and forms of knowing—including not only falsehoods but also truths, half-truths, and value judgements—to exploit and amplify culture wars and other identity-driven controversies." Wikipedia →
🧭 Start here: a 6-step reading path
- Read the overview: DisinformationA 5-minute orientation
- Skim a recent paper: Misinformation, disinformation, and fake news: lessons from an interdisciplinary, systematic literature reviewInfluential work since 2022
- Pick up a classic book: Beyond Fake NewsThe most-reprinted book on the subject
- Read the landmark paper: The disinformation order: Disruptive communication and the decline of democratic institutionsCited 1,132 times
- Go sideways: MisinformationA closely related topic
- Go sideways: Disinformation attackA closely related topic
📖 Definitions
Noun False information intentionally disseminated to deliberately confuse or mislead; intentional misinformation.
Noun Fabricated or deliberately manipulated content; intentionally created conspiracy theories or rumors.
Verb To use disinformation.
🗂️ The subject at a glance
🏆 Landmark papers (most cited)
The disinformation order: Disruptive communication and the decline of democratic institutions
Deepfakes and Disinformation: Exploring the Impact of Synthetic Political Video on Deception, Uncertainty, and Trust in News
Fake news, disinformation and misinformation in social media: a review
Disinformation as Political Communication
Resilience to Online Disinformation: A Framework for Cross-National Comparative Research
What Is Disinformation?
Disinformation as Collaborative Work
Political Astroturfing on Twitter: How to Coordinate a Disinformation Campaign
🆕 Influential since 2022
Misinformation, disinformation, and fake news: lessons from an interdisciplinary, systematic literature review
Combating fake news, disinformation, and misinformation: Experimental evidence for media literacy education
Disinformation and Echo Chambers: How Disinformation Circulates on Social Media Through Identity-Driven Controversies
Detecting fake news and disinformation using artificial intelligence and machine learning to avoid supply chain disruptions
Current safeguards, risk mitigation, and transparency measures of large language models against the generation of health disinformation: repeated cross sectional analysis
📚 Books worth reading
Beyond Fake NewsJustin P. McBrayer · 2020- 📕Post-Truth Public RelationsGareth Thompson · 2020
Digital Democracy, Social Media and DisinformationPetros Iosifidis, Nicholas Nicoli · 2020
Dead wrongRichard Belzer · 2012
New lies for oldAnatoliy Golitsyn · 1984- 📕Detecting Fake News on Social MediaKai Shu, Huan Liu · 2019
DeepfakesNina Schick · 2020
Doctor Who Fooled the WorldBrian Deer · 2020
Ranked by number of editions on Open Library, a rough measure of how lasting a book is.
🔗 Related topics
- Misinformation Misinformation is incorrect or misleading information. Whereas misinformation can exist with or without specific malicious intent, disinformation is deliberatel…
- Disinformation attack Disinformation attacks are strategic deception campaigns involving media manipulation and internet manipulation, to disseminate misleading information…
- Internet manipulation Internet manipulation is the use of online digital technologies, including algorithms, social bots, and automated scripts, for commercial, social, military…
- Media manipulation Media manipulation refers to orchestrated campaigns in which actors exploit the distinctive features of broadcasting mass communications or digital media…
- Fake news Fake news is false or misleading information (misinformation, disinformation, propaganda, and hoaxes) claiming the aesthetics and legitimacy of news. Fake…
- Disinformation research Disinformation research, also called disinformation studies or misinformation research, is an academic research field that aims to understand and counter…
- Fact-checking Fact-checking is the process of verifying the factual accuracy of questioned reporting and statements. Fact-checking can be conducted before or after the…
- Fake news in India Fake news and similar false information (misinformation or disinformation) is fostered and spread across India through word of mouth, traditional media…